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They
didn’t come with air conditioning, toilets, showers, satellite TV
or microwaves, but many an early-day Panhandle
farm family lived temporarily in mule-drawn wooden trailers.
These four-wheelers had to do with making a living, not affordable
housing or the pursuit of recreation. Early in the 20th century,
farmers on the high plains began converting vast acreages of what
had been ranch land into wheat-growing operations. By summer, the
golden grain stood ready for harvesting.
Bringing in acre after acre of grain amounted to a huge undertaking.
The state of the art eventually improved beyond scythes swung by
hand to horse-drawn reapers and mechanical threshers. Next came
steam-powered machinery and finally equipment driven by gasoline
motors.
It not being economically feasible for every farmer to own equipment
used only once a year, capitalism filled the void and the business
of professional harvesting came into being. Teams and equipment
moved from farm to farm during the season, harvesting for hire.
A committee-published history of Carlton, a semi-ghost town in Hamilton
County, described the process:
“Most farmers
had already cut, bundled and shocked their grain which now stood
in row and after row across broad fields. Wagons with their special
grain-racks moved about the shocks being loaded into great, towering
ricks by men with hay forks who ‘pitched up’ to the wagon drivers.
Each loaded wagon proceeding in turn to the huge threshing machine
which upon being fed a steady stream of bundles, rattled, shook,
whirred and chopped as if devouring each grain-laden sheaf.”
Even with such machinery, the effort required a considerable amount
of manpower. Itinerant threshing crew members traveled from county
to county across the Panhandle and South Plains and “toiled, sweated
and joked and laughed throughout the long hot days.”
The crews had
to break for meals, of course.
As one family
historian wrote for her clan’s Web site, “Additional to the machinery,
there was a cook shack, which was a shack on wheels.”
In 1956, Rosa
Lowry told Canyon writer Pollyanna B. Hughes about the trailer her
husband Bud acquired for use during the harvest.
“Bud heard
of a cook shack that he might buy,” Lowery recalled. “He paid $45
for it, and that was a lot of money for that time and place. But
I was so very happy when he went to get it.”
Fourteen feet
long and half as wide, the wooden shack with a rounded roof sat
on a wagon bed pulled by two mules. It had a door on one end and
a sliding window on the other end for food service. Lowry installed
a fold-down table on the side of the shack and used a canvas wagon
sheet to make a covered porch.
The trailer
slept seven. Mrs. Lowery placed a bed on one side that her three
daughters shared. The couple’s oldest boy slept on a pallet on the
floor of the trailer and Bud and Rosa slept with their infant son
on a cot on the other side of the wagon. The hired hands spent their
nights under the stars on bedrolls.
Henry O. Howe,
who as a young man homesteaded land near Guymon in the Oklahoma
Panhandle, had fond memories of cook shack trailers. When harvest
time came around, he went to Texas and worked on a threshing crew
for an Ochiltree County farmer.
The boss’s
daughter ran the rolling cook shack. Howe made enough money at threshing
to come back to the same farm the following year. Not only did he
earn a good wage, he developed a fondness both for the grub and
the pretty cook. Following that second season, Howe decided he could
find other ways to earn a living, but married the cook. They went
on to have 14 children and stayed married for many years, separated
only by death.
When more affordable motor-driven combines (so named because they
handled both reaping and separation of grain) came on the market,
the traveling threshing business became a thing of the past.
But the notion
of a shack on wheels has endured, only now they’re called mobile
homes or RVs.
© Mike Cox - "Texas Tales"
January
9, 2008 column
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